瑜伽八支分法之不贪婪 Yama: Aparigraha (Non-Holding)

2010-11-15

　

 

         The last yama in yoga is known as aparigraha,  "Aparigraha is the concept of non-possessiveness, being both a Jain concept and a part of the Raja Yoga or Ashtanga Yoga traditions. The term usually means to limit possessions to what is necessary or important, which changes with the time period, though sadhus would not have any possessions."  Aparigraha means to take only what is necessary and not to take advantage of a situation or act greedily. We should only take what we have earned. If we take more, we are exploiting someone else. In addition, unearned rewards can bring with them obligations that might cause problems later on.
          Yama(外制)的最后一条是不贪婪. "不贪婪的概念是不霸占, 它既是奢那教的教义也是王瑜伽即阿斯汤加瑜伽的传统内容. 不贪婪是指根据需要确定自己的必需物. 苦行僧是没有任何所属物的." 不贪婪的意思是指只获取必需物, 不占小便宜. 我们应当只取走自己赢得之物. 如果多拿,就是剥削他人. 此外,收取不劳而获之物,随之而来的可能是相应义务,甚至麻烦.

       Parigraha is the increasing orientation toward material things. If we reduce parigraha and develop aparigraha, we are orienting ourselves more inwardly. The less time we spend on our material possessions, the more we have to spend on practice and feel yoga. We will learn to enjoy what we have rather than constantly seeking things we don't have and never getting satisfied in life. It is a scientific fact that the more money and material possessions we have, the more stressful we become. And this can be the major obstacle in the path of Yoga.
         贪欲是对物质的向往. 如果我们能够减少贪念, 遵从"不贪", 我们会更深地走向自己. 花在追求物质上的时间越少, 就会有越多的时间练习和感受瑜伽. 我们将学会享受自己所有而非因不断追求那些不属于自己的东西而不满. 科学统计显示,财富越多,压力越大. 而这恰恰是瑜伽练习的主要障碍.

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